«Ardua negotia». Ordinary and extraordinary procedures in the Florentine institutions in the age of Dante
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Abstract
During the 13th and 14th centuries the Florentine commune had a very complex set of institutional rules, but at the same time it admitted the possibility to depart from the statutes in case of emergency, in order to take decisions in a rapid way without consulting the wider assemblies or to use special funds to extraordinary expenditures. The extraordinary procedures were connected to a special language, which included key words as necessitas or ardua negotia. The paper aims at analysing this language to understand the relations between the institutions and the political culture.
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