Urban Gaming Simulation for Enhancing Disaster Resilience. A Social Learning Tool for Modern Disaster Risk Management

  • Sarunwit Promsaka Na Sakonnakron Department of Architecture, Design and Urban Planning University of Sassari
  • Pongpisit Huyakorn Department of Architecture, Design and Urban Planning University of Sassari
  • Paola Rizzi Department of Architecture, Design and Urban Planning University of Sassari
Keywords: Gaming Simulation, Risk Communication, Social Learning, Urban Resilience

Abstract

An emergence of the disaster resilience concept broadens the idea of urban risk management and, at the same time, enhances a theoretical aspect in a way in which we can develop our cities without making it more vulnerable to natural disasters.  Nevertheless, this theoretical plausibility is hardly translated into a practical implication for urban planning, as the concept of resilience remain limited to some scholars’ debate. One of substantial factors that limit the understanding of people about disaster risk an resilience is a lack of risk awareness and risk preparedness, which can be solved by restructuring social learning process that enable a process of mutual learning between experts and the public. This study, therefore, focuses on providing insights into the difficulties of disaster risk communication we face, and how gaming simulation can be taken as a communication technique in enhancing social learning, which is regarded as a fundamental step of disaster risk management prior the mitigation process takes place. The study argues that the gaming simulation can facilitate planners in acquiring risk information from the community, conceiving the multitude of complex urban physical and socio-economic components, and conceptualizing innovative solutions to cope with disaster risks mutually with the public.


Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Sarunwit Promsaka Na Sakonnakron, Department of Architecture, Design and Urban Planning University of Sassari

He earned a bachelor's degree in Urban Planning (Thammasat University, Thailand) and got a Master's degree in policy sciences (Ritsumeikan University, Kyoto, Japan). He is now a PhD candidate of Department of Architecture, Design and Urban Planning (University of Sassari, Italy).

Pongpisit Huyakorn, Department of Architecture, Design and Urban Planning University of Sassari

He received his bachelor's degree in Urban Planning from Thammasat University, Thailand, and got a Master's degree in policy sciences from Ritsumeikan University, Japan. Recently, he has decided to pursue a doctorate in urban planning, and he is now a PhD candidate of Department of Architecture, Design and Urban Planning (University of Sassari, Italy).

Paola Rizzi, Department of Architecture, Design and Urban Planning University of Sassari

She is a Professor of the Department of Architecture, Design and Urban Planning at University of Sassari. She has more than 15 years of experience in gaming simulation and urban planning. She is a founder and director of the international summer school ISAGA (international simulation and gaming association). She was a visiting professor of Virginia Tech, School of Public and International Affairs, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA. During the last decade, she has also taken a role as a visiting professor of Ritsumeikan University, Kochi University, Nagoya University, and etc. She was also part of the steering committee of ISAGA, ACRI, and the board of directors of many institutions and associations, such as CUPUM – Computers in Urban Planning and Urban Management.

References

Armas, I., and A. Gavris. (2013). "Social vulnerability assessment using spatial multi-criteria analysis (SEVI model) and the Social Vulnerability Index (SoVI model) - a case study for Bucharest, Romania." Edited by A. Steinführer. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 1481–1499. http://www.nat-hazards-earth-syst-sci.net/13/1481/2013/nhess-13-1481-2013.pdf.

Barnett, J. (2001). "Adapting to Climate Change in Pacific Island Countries: The Problem of Uncertainty." World Development (Elsevier) 29 (6): 977-993.

Bendimerad, F. (2008). "State of the Practice in Disaster Risk Management: Urban Risk. Earthquake Megacities Initiative." PreventionWeb. Prevention. Accessed November 10, 2012. http://www.preventionweb.net/english/hyogo/gar/background-papers/documents/Chap5/thematic-progress-reviews/urban-risk/EMI-Urban-DRM-Practice.doc.

Bohle, H-G. (2001). "Vulnerability and criticality: Perspectives from social geography. International Human Dimensions Programme on Global Environmental Change (IHDP)." Managing the risks of extreme events and disasters to advance climate chance adatation (SREX). February. http://ipcc-wg2.gov/njlite_download.php?id=6390.

Bramwell, B., and L. Rawding. (1996). "Tourism marketing images of industrial cities." Annals of Tourism Research (Elsevier) 23 (1): 201-221. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0160738395000615.

Chapin, Terry. (2009). Concept and strategies to address sustainability in a changing world. Alaska: Living on Earth: EPSCoR. www.alaska.edu/epscor/living-on-earth/Terry-Chapin.ppt.

Cutter, Susan L., Lindsey Barnes, Melissa Berry, Christopher Burton, Elijah Evans, Eric Tate, and Jennifer Webb. (2008). "A place-based model for understanding community resilience to natural disasters." Global Environmental Change: Local evidence on vulnerabilities and adaptations to global environmental change (Elsevier) 18 (4): 598–606.

Galderisi, Adriana, Andrea Ceudech, Floriana F. Ferrara, and Andrea S. Profice. (2012). "Del. 2.2: Integration of different vulnerabilities vs. natural and na-tech hazards. ENSURE : Enhancing resilience of communities and territories facing natural and na-tech hazards." http://www.ensureproject.eu/ENSURE_Del2.1.1.pdf.

Hatayama, Michinori. (2007). "Integrated Database Management Method for Disaster Risk Governance." International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA). September. Accessed November 13, 2012. http://webarchive.iiasa.ac.at/Research/RAV/conf/IDRiM07/Papers/Hatayama.pdf.

Klabbers, Jan H.G. (2006). "A framework for artifact assessment and theory testing." Simulation & Gaming (SAGE Publications) 155-172.

Krimsky, Sheldon. (2007). "Risk communication in the internet age: the rise of disorganized skepticism." Environmental Hazards 7: 157–164.

Lim, Hoe. (1993). "Cultural strategies for revitalizing the city: a review and evaluation." Regional studies: Journal of the Regional Studies Association (Routledge) 27 (6): 589-595.

Mitchell, D. (2010). "educing Vulnerability to Natural Disasters in the Asia Pacific through Improved Land Administration and Management." FIG: Federation Internationale des Geometres. October. Accessed April 14, 2012. http://www.fig.net/pub/monthly_articles/october_2010/october_2010_mitchell.html.

Morrow, Betty H. (2011). Risk behevior and risk communication: Synthesis and expert interviews. Silver Spring: the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

Neil, Martin. n.d. "Using Risk Maps to Visually Model and Communicate Risk." Using Risk Maps to Visually Model and Communicate Risk. Agena Ltd. & Risk Assessment and Decision Analysis Research Group. London, Queen Mary. Accessed October 25, 2013. http://www.agenarisk.com/resources/Using_Risk_Maps.pdf.

Ng, K.L., and D.M. Hamby. (1997). "Fundamentals for establishing a risk communication program." Health Physics (73): 473-482.

Pelling, Mark. (2003). The vulenrability of cities: Natural disasters and social resilience. London: Earthscan Publications.

Rizzi, P. and et. al. (2012). VADDI: Kit didattico di giocosimulazione sui cambiamenti climatici (Didactical kit of gaming simulation on the climate changes). Rome: ISPRA.

Schneiderbauer, Stefan, and Daniele Ehrlich. (2004). Risk, Hazard and People's Vulnerability to Natural Hazards: a Review of Definitions, Concepts and Data. Brussels: Office for Official Publication of the European Communities.

Twigg, John. (2007). Characteristics of a disaster-resilient community: a guidance note, version 1. the DFID Disaster Risk Reduction Interagency Coordination Group. http://practicalaction.org/docs/ia1/community-characteristics-en-lowres.pdf.

U.S. Indian Ocean Tsunami Warning System Program. (2007). How Resilient Is Your Coastal Community?: A Guide for Evaluating Coastal Community Resilience to Tsunamis and Other Hazards. Bangkok: USAID: the United States Agency for International Development. http://www.preventionweb.net/files/2389_CCRGuidelowresatiq.pdf.

UNISDR: United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction. (2007). Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-2015: Building the resilience of nations and communities to disasters. ISRD: International Strategy for Disaster Reduction. http://www.unisdr.org/files/1037_hyogoframeworkforactionenglish.pdf.

Van der Leeuw , Sander E., and Chr. Aschan-Leygonie. (2000). A Long-Term Perspective on Resilience in Socio-Natural Systems. Santa Fe Institute. http://samoa.santafe.edu/media/workingpapers/01-08-042.pdf.

World Health Organization: WHO. (2012). Definitions of risk analysis terms related to food safety. November 13. http://www.who.int/foodsafety/publications/micro/riskanalysis_definitions/en/.

Xiao, Guirong . (2007). Urban Tourism: Global-Local Relationships in Dalian, China (Doctoral dissertation). Waterloo, Ontario, February 19. https://uwspace.uwaterloo.ca/handle/10012/2728.

Published
2014-05-24
How to Cite
Promsaka Na SakonnakronS., HuyakornP., & RizziP. (2014). Urban Gaming Simulation for Enhancing Disaster Resilience. A Social Learning Tool for Modern Disaster Risk Management. TeMA - Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment. https://doi.org/10.6092/1970-9870/2563