Geographic determinism Vs urban resilience: italian scenario analysis

  • Stefano de Falco University of Naples Federico II
Keywords: Resilience, Geography determinism

Abstract

Since many years the analysis of the resilience concept transversally enriches the scientific debate from the technical- scientific to the socio-humanistic one. In urban areas, particularly, the scientific literature offers a consolidated panorama of theories and applications. The present work is animated by the objective of complementing this background with a geographic approach in which the characteristics of urban resilience, synthesized by a wide review of scientific articles, are associated with determinants of geographic type (urban dimension, latitude and prevalent urban attribute). The proposed analysis both introduce methodological elements of evaluation useful for this topic and both shows, based on the stratification of real data regarding some main urban variables (Living, Environment, Mobility and Legality), the scenario of Italian cities characterized by high, medium and low resilience actions as a function of their geographical characteristics, trying to make clearer the question regarding the geographic determinism paradigm declined to the urban frame, analyzing the eventual geographical influence on the processes of urban resilience.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biography

Stefano de Falco, University of Naples Federico II

Stefano de Falco is Chief of IRGIT, Research Institute of Territorial Geographical Innovation and Chief of CeRITT, Research Centre for Innovation and Technology Transfer of University of Naples Federico II and he is President of AICTT (Italian Association for Technology Transfer Culture promotion). His research interests concern the modelling and testing of geography of innovation.

References

Adger W.N., Hughes T.P., Folke C., Carpenter S.R. & Rockstrom J. (2005). Social-Ecological Resilience to Coastal Disasters. Science, pp. 309-1036. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1112122

Ahern J., (2011). From fail-safe to safe-to-fail: Sustainability and resilience in the new urban world. Landscape and Urban Planning, Volume 100, Issue 4, pp. 341-343. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2011.02.021

Bahadur A., Ibrahim M. & Tanner T. (2010). The Resilience Renaissance? Unpacking of Resilience for Tackling Climate Change and Disasters, Strengthening Climate Resilience. Discussion Paper 1, Institute of Development Studies. Brighton, UK. Available at:https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/57a08b1ce5274a27b2000973/SCR-DiscussionPaper1-resilience-renaissance.pdf

Bankoff G., Frerks G. & Hilhorst D. (2004). Mapping vulnerability. Disasters, development and people. Earthscan, London. ISBN 978-1853839641

Batty M. (2008). Cities as Complex Systems. Scaling, Interactions, Networks, Dynamics and Urban Morphologies. UCL Working Paper Series, Paper 131. Available at: http://eprints.ucl.ac.uk/15183/1/15183.pdf

Briguglio L., Cordina G., Farrugia N. & Vella S. (2008). Economic vulnerability and resilience. Concept and measurements. Research Paper 55. United Nations University. Available at: file:///C:/Users/DICEA/Downloads/Economic_Vulnerability_and_Resilience_Concepts_and.pdf

Bruneau M., Chang S.E., Eguchi R.T., Lee G.C., O’Rourke T.D., Reinhorn A.M., Shinozuka M., Tierney K.T., Wallace W.A. & von Winterfeldt D. (2003). A framework to quantitatively assess and enhance the seismic resilience of communities. Earthquake Spectra, 19 (4), pp. 733-52. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.1623497

Chang S.E. & Shinozuka M. (2004). Measuring improvements in the disaster resilience of communities. Earthquake Spectra, 20(3), pp. 739-755. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.1775796

Chelleri, L. (2012) From the “Resilient City” to Urban Resilience. A Review Essay on Understanding and Integrating the Resilience Perspective for Urban Systems. Documents d’Anàlisi Geogràfica, 58, pp. 287-306. Available at: file:///C:/Users/DICEA/Downloads/175-1482-1-SM.pdf

Chuvarajan A., Martel I. & Peterson C. (2006). A Strategic Approach for sustainability and resilience planning within municipalities. Thesis submitted for completion of Master of Strategic Leadership towards Sustainability, Blekinge Institute of Technology, Karlskrona, Sweden.

Colucci A., (2015) The Potential of Periurban Areas for the Resilience of Metropolitan Region. TeMA Journal of Land Use Mobility and Environment ECCA | special issue | 63-80. ISSN 1970-9889, e- ISSN 1970-9870. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.6092/1970-9870/3661

Colucci A., (2012) Toward Resilient Cities. Comparing Approaches/Strategies. TeMA Journal of Land Use Mobility and Environment, 2, ISSN 1970-9889, ISSN 1970-9870. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.6092/1970-9870/921.

Davis I. (2005) Observations on Building and Maintaining Resilient Buildings and Human Settlements to withstand Disaster Impact. Proceedings International Conference on Built Environment issues in small island states and territories, August 3 - 5, Faculty of the Built Environment, University of Technology, Jamaica.

Davoudi S. (2012) Resilience: A Bridging Concept or a Dead End? Planning Theory & Practice 13(2), pp. 299-307. ISSN (print), 1464-9357. ISSN (electronic), 1470-000X.

De Falco S. (2018). Vesuvius, pizza, coffee and...innovation: Is a new paradigm possible for the creative ?Vesuvius Valley?, Naples, Italy? Journal of City, Culture and Society, (in press)

De Falco S (2014). Measuring the regional dimension of innovation through an economic model based on rectifying technology audits according to the AICTT-RTA protocol. Archives of Business Research, Vol 2, No 6. ISSN 2054-7404

De Falco S. (2015a). Il Ruolo del Capitale Intellettuale nella Valorizzazione delle Aree Urbane Marginali in Ambito Europeo. Rivista Internazionale di Studi Europei, anno I, numero 3, 2015 ISSN 2421-583X

De Falco S. (2015b). Le politiche della Ue per la riqualificazione di aree geografiche marginali e ruolo del trasferimento tecnologico. Rivista Internazionale di Studi Europei, anno I, numero 4, 2015 ISSN 2421-583X

De Falco S. (2015c). The role of geographical proximity from universities and research centers in growing resilience of marginal areas: the case of the east area of Naples. International Journal of Urban Planning, ESI editore Vol. 8 n.2 ISSN 2281- 4574.

Desouza K.C. & Flanery T.H. (2013). Designing, planning, and managing resilient cities: A conceptual framework. Cities 35, pp. 89–99. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2013.06.003

Fiksel J (2003). Designing resilient, sustainable systems. Environmental Science and Technology 37 (23), pp. 5330-5339. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es0344819

Folke C., Carpenter S., Elmqvist T., Gunderson L., Holling C. S., Walker B., et al. (2002). Resilience and sustainable development: building adaptive capacity in a world of transformations, Scientific Background Paper on Resilience for the process of The World Summit on Sustainable Development on behalf of The Environmental Advisory Council to the Swedish Government.

Folke C. (2006). Resilience: The emergence of a perspective for social–ecological systems analyses. Global Environmental Change, 16, pp. 253-267. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2006.04.002

Folke C., Carpenter S.R., Walker B., Scheffer M., Chapin T. & Rockstrom J. (2010). Resilience Thinking: integrating Resilience, Adaptability and Transformability. Ecology and Society, 15(4):20. Available at: http://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol15/iss4/art20/

Galderisi A. (2016). Un modello interpretativo della resilienza urbana. Available at: https://issuu.com/planumnet/docs/atti_xvi_conferenza_siu_by_planum_n_794d7eabca3195/92

Galderisi A. & Ferrara F.F. (2012). Enhacing Urban Reslience in face of a Climate Change: a methodological approach. TeMA Journal of Land Use Mobility and Environment, vol. 5. n.2. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.6092/1970-9870/936

Gargiulo C. & Zucaro F. (2015). Smartness and urban resilience. A model of energy saving. TeMA Journal of Land Use Mobility and Environment ECCA | special issue | 81-102. ISSN 1970-9889, e- ISSN 1970-9870. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.6092/1970-9870/3661

Gibson AC, Tarrant M (2010). A ‘conceptual models’ approach to organizational resilience. The Australian Journal of Emergency Management, 25(02), pp. 6-12. Available at: https://ajem.infoservices.com.au/items/AJEM-25-02-03

Godschalk D. R. (2003). Urban Hazard Mitigation: Creating Resilient Cities. Natural Hazards Review, ASCE, pp. 138-243. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/~ASCE!1527-6988~2003!4:3~136!

Grünewald F. & Warner J. (2012). Resilience: buzz word or useful concept? Available at: http://www.urd.org/RESILIENCEbuzz-word-or-useful?artpage=2-5#outil_sommaire_0

Gunderson L., Holling CS. (2001). Panarchy: understanding transformationisn human and naturals ystems. Washington (DC): Island Press.

Holling C.S. (1996). Engineering resilience versus Ecological resilience, in P. Schulze, (ed.), Engineering with ecological constrains. National Academy, Washington, D.C., USA.

Holling C.S. (2001). Understanding the Complexity of Economic. Ecological and Social Systems. Ecosystems 4, pp. 390-404. doi:http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1007/s10021-00 -0101-5

Holling C.S., (1973). Resilience and stability of ecological systems. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 4, pp. 1-23. Available at: https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev.es.04.110173.000245

Kanter R.M. & Litow S.S. (2009). Informed and Interconnected: A Manifesto for Smarter Cities, Working Paper 09-141, Harvard Business School. Available at:http://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Publication%20Files/09-141.pdf

Maguire B. & Hagan P. (2007). Disasters and communities: Understanding social resilience, in The Australian. Journal of Emergency Management, 22(2), pp. 16-20. Available at:http://unpan1.un.org/intradoc/groups/public/documents/apcity/unpan029411.pdf

McDaniels T, Chang S, Cole D, Mikawoz J, Longstaff H (2008). Fostering resilience to extreme events within infrastructure systems: Characterizing decision contexts for mitigation and adaptation. Global Environmental Change, 18, pp. 310-318 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2008.03.001

Norris F, Stevens S, Pfefferbaum B, Wyche K, Pfefferbaum R (2008). Community resilience as a metaphor, theory, set of capacities, and strategy for disaster readiness. American Journal of Community Psychology, 41(1-2), pp. 127-50 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10464-007-9156-6

Papa, R., Gargiulo, C. e Galderisi A., (2013). Towards an Urban Planners Perspective on Smart Cities, TeMA Journal of Land Use Mobility and Environment, vol 6, n. 1., pp. 333-358 doi:http://dx.doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.6092/1970-9870/2555

Papa R., Galderisi A, Vigo Majello M., Saretta E., (2015). Ideas and Tools for a Better Framing of Current Practices. TeMA Journal of Land Use Mobility and Environment ECCA | special issue | 63-80. ISSN 1970-9889, e- ISSN 1970-9870. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.6092/1970-9870/3661

Papa, R., Gargiulo, C. e Galderisi A., (2013). Towards an Urban Planners Perspective on Smart Cities, TeMA Journal of Land Use Mobility and Environment, vol 6, n. 1. doi:http://dx.doi.org//10.6092/1970-9870/2555

Rose A. (2007). Economic resilience to natural and man-made disasters: Multidisciplinary origins and contextual dimensions. Environmental Hazards 7, pp. 383-398. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envhaz.2007.10.001

Tierney K. & Brunea M. (2007). Conceptualizing and measuring resilience. A key to disaster loss reduction. TR News May-June, pp. 14-17. Available at: http://onlinepubs.trb.org/onlinepubs/trnews/trnews250_p14-17.pdf

UNESCAP (2008). Sustainability, resilience and resource efficiency: Consideration for developing an analytical framework and questions for further development, UNESCAP Expert Group Meeting: Sustainability of economic growth, resource efficiency and resilience, UN Conference Centre, Bangkok, 22-24 October.

Van der Veen A. & Logtmeijer C. (2005). Economic Hotspots: Visualizing Vulnerability to Flooding. Natural Hazards, 36(1), pp. 65-80. Available at: https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs11069-004-4542-y.pdf

Vanolo A., (2015). The Fordist city and the creative city: Evolution and resilience in Turin, Italy. City, Culture and Society 6, pp. 69- 74 doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.ccs.2015.01.003.

Walker B., Holling C.S., Carpenter S.R. & Kinzig A. (2004). Resilience, adaptability and transformability in social–ecological systems. Ecology and Society, 9(2), p. 5.

Published
2018-04-30
How to Cite
de FalcoS. (2018). Geographic determinism Vs urban resilience: italian scenario analysis. TeMA - Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment, 11(1), 65-88. https://doi.org/10.6092/1970-9870/5370