Processi e modelli di europeizzazione urbana: evidenze dalla rete EUROCITIES

  • Tom Verhelst Department of Political Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium
Parole chiave: Urbanizzazione europea - EUROCITIES - networking della città - politica urbana dell’UE

Abstract

L’europeizzazione delle città è considerata una condizione importante per il contributo positivo di queste ultime allo sviluppo di una politica urbana dell’UE. Per valutare la probabilità di questo evento, l’articolo esamina l’europeizzazione dei membri della rete EUROCITIES, la più importante rete urbana transeuropea. Utilizzando i dati raccolti da 48 città membri, lo studio traccia diversi elementi della traiettoria di europeizzazione delle città, cerca modelli sottostanti e spiega come l’appartenenza ad EUROCITIES si riferisca a questo processo di europeizzazione urbana. L’analisi esplorativa produce un quadro diversificato e multilivello. I membri di EUROCITIES variano fortemente per quanto riguarda il loro processo di europeizzazione interna. Mentre generalmente non acquisiscono molti punti su aspetti secondari come l’interesse e la conoscenza delle problematiche dell’UE, le città sono più impegnate ad ottenere finanziamenti dall’Unione Europea, nella costruzione di reti e di lobbies di quest’ultima. Inoltre, l’europeizzazione urbana sembra agire come uno strumento funzionale piuttosto che come un processo lineare e cumulativo. I modelli europei individuati, ad esempio, includono gli interessi e le conoscenze come precondizioni generali per l’europeizzazione urbana, una logica di networking che coinvolge schemi di scambio con altre città ed istituzioni dell’UE, nonché la lobbying e, in misura minore, l’istituzione di un dipartimento per l’UE che sono collegati a diversi altri elementi dell’Europizzazione urbana. Infine, il coinvolgimento in EUROCITIES è correlato positivamente ad alcune delle manifestazioni più gratificanti della mobilitazione delle città nella scena europea, come lo scambio di politiche fra città, l’ottenimento di finanziamenti dell’UE e la lobbying delle istituzioni dell’UE.

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Pubblicato
2017-11-03