A methodology hazard-based for the mitigation of the radon risk in the urban planning
Article Sidebar
Published:
Dec 26, 2016
Main Article Content
Abstract
A type of significant impact is the risk from radon gas in indoor settings, which is not been yet listed among the types of risk canonically considered in planning, such as the hydrogeological, seismic and volcanic risk, by fires and relevant accident risk (Castelluccio et al, 2012). The radon is a radioactive gas, that was classified since 1988 by the WHO as a carcinogen of the Group I (IARC-WHO, 1988), i.e. an oncogenic factor proved on humans.
The European Union, transposing these indications, requires to the Member States, through the EU Directive, 59, 2013, the identification of areas particularly prone to radon, known as radon prone areas in the literature. However, currently there is still no international standard for the mapping of these areas. Moreover, this Directive defers the mitigation of the phenomenon to the building regulations.
This research shows a methodology to build the risk maps of radon at the urban scale, as you can regulate and specify mitigation actions only at this spatial level.
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
Article Details
How to Cite
GerundoR., GrimaldiM., & MarraA. (2016). A methodology hazard-based for the mitigation of the radon risk in the urban planning. UPLanD - Journal of Urban Planning, Landscape & Environmental Design, 1(1), 27. https://doi.org/10.6093/2531-9906/5031
Issue
Section
Articles
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
References
Abu-Samreh, M.M. (2005). Indoor Radon-222 concentrations measurements during the summer season of the year 2000 in some houses in the western part of Yatta city. The Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 30(2A), 343-349.
APAT (2005). Linee guida relative ad alcune tipologie di azioni di risanamento per la riduzione dell’inquinamento da radon, AGF-T-LGU-04-03. Retrieved from http://www.arpa.fvg.it/export/sites/default/tema/radiazioni/radioattivita/radon/allegati/RTI-CTN_AGF_04_2005.pdf
ARPA Lazio, ISPRA (2013). Il monitoraggio del gas radon nel Lazio, Report_2013_DT0.DAI_02, ARPA Lazio, Rieti. Retrieved from www.arpalazio.gov.it/download/?sez=pubblicazioni&pid=file...Radon_2013.pdf
ARPAT (2014, August 27). Tecniche di mitigazione per ridurre la concentrazione di radon. Retrieved from http://www.arpat.toscana.it/notizie/arpatnews/2014/174-14/174-14-tecniche-di-mitigazione-per-ridurre-la-concentrazione-di-radon
Bochicchio, F., Campos-Venuti, G., Piermattei, S., Nuccetelli, C., Risica, S., Tommasino, L., Torri G., Magnoni, M., Agnesod, G., Sgorbati, G., Bonomi, M., Minach, L., Trotti,F., Malisan, M.R., Maggiolo, S., Gaidolfi, L., Giannardi, C., Rongoni, A., Lombardi, M., Cherubini, G., D’Ostilio S., Cristofaro, C., Pugliese, M., Martucci, V., Crispino, A., Cuzzocrea, P., Sansone Santamaria, A., & Cappai, M. (2005). Annual average and seasonal variations of residential radon concentration for all the Italian Regions. Radiation Measurements, 40 (2-6), pp. 686-694.
Castelluccio, M., Giannella, G., Lucchetti, C., Moroni, M., & Tuccimei, P. (2012). La classificazione della pericolosità radon nella pianificazione territoriale finalizzata alla gestione del rischio. Italian Journal of Engineering Geology and Environment, 2, 5-16.
Choubey, V.M., Bartarya, S.K., & Ramola, R.C. (2005). Radon variations in an active landslide zone along Pindar River, in Chamoli District, Garhwal Lesser Himalaya, India. Environmental Geology, 47(6), 745-750.
Darby, S., Hill, D., Auvinen, A., Barros-Dios, J. M., Baysson, H., Bochicchio, F., & Heid, I. (2005). Radon in homes and risk of lung cancer: collaborative analysis of individual data from 13 European case-control studies. British medical Journal, 330(7485), 223.
Decreto Legislativo 26 maggio 2000, n. 241: "Attuazione della direttiva 96/29/EURATOM in materia di protezione sanitaria della popolazione e dei lavoratori contro i rischi derivanti dalle radiazioni ionizzanti", Supplemento Ordinario alla Gazzetta Ufficiale n. 203 del 31 agosto 2000. Retrieved from http://www.parlamento.it/parlam/leggi/deleghe/00241dl.htm.
DIRETTIVA 2013/59/EURATOM: “Norme fondamentali di sicurezza relative alla protezione contro i pericoli derivanti dall’esposizione alle radiazioni ionizzanti, Retrieved from http://eurlex.europa.eu/legalcontent/IT/TXT/?uri=uriserv%3AOJ.L_.2014.013.01.0001.01.ITA.
Dubois, G. EC, Office for Official Publications of the European Communities (2005). An overview of radon surveys in Europe, p. 168, Report EUR 21892. Retrieved from https://rem.jrc.ec.europa.eu/remweb/publications/EUR_RADON.pdf
EPA (2003). EPA assessment of risks from radon in homes. Office of Radiation and Indoor Air, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460. Retrieved from https://www.epa.gov/radiation/epa-assessment-risks-radon-homes
Gerundo, R., & Fasolino, I. (2010). Sicurezza territoriale ed efficienza urbanistica, Napoli, IT: Edizioni scientifiche italiane.
Gue, L. (2015). Revisiting Canada’s Radon Guidelines. Vancouver, CA: David Suzuki Foundation.
Guida, D., Guida, M., Cuomo, A., Guadagnuolo, D., & Siervo, V. (2008): La valutazione delle «Radon-prone Areas» in Regione Campania. Applicazioni di un approccio gerarchico multiscalare per la pianificazione ambientale, Journal of technical and environmental geology, 2, 39-62.
Moroni, M. (2001). Il radon nella pianificazione territoriale. Atti della Seconda conferenza nazionale su Informatica e Pianificazione Urbana e Territoriale INPUT 2001: Democrazia e Tecnologie. Isole Tremiti, IT, 27-29 Giugno, 2001.
Nero, A.N. (1989). Earth, Air, Radon and Home. Physics Today, 42(2), 32-39.
Nero, A.N., Nazaroff, W.W. (1984). Characterising the source of Radon indoors. Radiation Protection Dosimetry, 7, 23-39.
Regione Toscana (2012): Indagine regionale sul gas radon negli ambienti di vita e di lavoro. Individuazione delle aree ad elevata probabilità di alte concentrazioni di radon ai sensi dell’art. 10 sexies del D.Lgs. n. 230/95 e s.m.i. - Diffusione dei dati statistici per comune riassuntivi delle misurazioni effettuate (Delibera di Giunta Regionale n°1019 del 26 novembre 2012). Retrieved from http://www.regione.toscana.it/
Sgobbo, A., & Moccia, F.D. (2016). Synergetic Temporary Use for the Enhancement of Historic Centers: The Pilot Project for the Naples Waterfront. TECHNE Journal of Technology for Architecture and Environment, 12, 253-260. doi:10.13128/Techne-19360
Sgobbo, A. (2016). Recycling, waste management and urban vegetable gardens. WIT Transactions on Ecology and The Environment, 202, 61-72. doi:10.2495/WM160071
Spencer, J.E. (1986). Radon gas: a geologic hazard, Fieldnotes, Arizona Bureau of Geology and Mineral Technology, 16(4), 1-6.
UNDRO (1979). Natural Disasters and Vulnerability Analysis. Report of Expert Group Meeting. Geneva, CH, July 9-12, 1979.
United Nations (2000). Sources, effects and risk of ionizing radiation. United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation. UNSCEAR 2000 Report to the General Assembly, with Scientific Annexes. Vol. 1, New York.
WHO (2009). WHO Handbook on Indoor Radon: a public health perspective. Zeeb H. & Shannoun, France.
WHO-IARC (1988). IARC monograph on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans: main-made mineral fibres and radon. IARC monograph Vol. 43, Lyon, FR
Zannoni, G., Bellezza, M., Bigliotto, C., & Prearo, I. (2006). Gas radon: tecniche di mitigazione. Indagine sperimentale sulla correlazione fra attacco a terra e tecniche di mitigazione. Monfalcone, IT: Edicom Edizioni.
APAT (2005). Linee guida relative ad alcune tipologie di azioni di risanamento per la riduzione dell’inquinamento da radon, AGF-T-LGU-04-03. Retrieved from http://www.arpa.fvg.it/export/sites/default/tema/radiazioni/radioattivita/radon/allegati/RTI-CTN_AGF_04_2005.pdf
ARPA Lazio, ISPRA (2013). Il monitoraggio del gas radon nel Lazio, Report_2013_DT0.DAI_02, ARPA Lazio, Rieti. Retrieved from www.arpalazio.gov.it/download/?sez=pubblicazioni&pid=file...Radon_2013.pdf
ARPAT (2014, August 27). Tecniche di mitigazione per ridurre la concentrazione di radon. Retrieved from http://www.arpat.toscana.it/notizie/arpatnews/2014/174-14/174-14-tecniche-di-mitigazione-per-ridurre-la-concentrazione-di-radon
Bochicchio, F., Campos-Venuti, G., Piermattei, S., Nuccetelli, C., Risica, S., Tommasino, L., Torri G., Magnoni, M., Agnesod, G., Sgorbati, G., Bonomi, M., Minach, L., Trotti,F., Malisan, M.R., Maggiolo, S., Gaidolfi, L., Giannardi, C., Rongoni, A., Lombardi, M., Cherubini, G., D’Ostilio S., Cristofaro, C., Pugliese, M., Martucci, V., Crispino, A., Cuzzocrea, P., Sansone Santamaria, A., & Cappai, M. (2005). Annual average and seasonal variations of residential radon concentration for all the Italian Regions. Radiation Measurements, 40 (2-6), pp. 686-694.
Castelluccio, M., Giannella, G., Lucchetti, C., Moroni, M., & Tuccimei, P. (2012). La classificazione della pericolosità radon nella pianificazione territoriale finalizzata alla gestione del rischio. Italian Journal of Engineering Geology and Environment, 2, 5-16.
Choubey, V.M., Bartarya, S.K., & Ramola, R.C. (2005). Radon variations in an active landslide zone along Pindar River, in Chamoli District, Garhwal Lesser Himalaya, India. Environmental Geology, 47(6), 745-750.
Darby, S., Hill, D., Auvinen, A., Barros-Dios, J. M., Baysson, H., Bochicchio, F., & Heid, I. (2005). Radon in homes and risk of lung cancer: collaborative analysis of individual data from 13 European case-control studies. British medical Journal, 330(7485), 223.
Decreto Legislativo 26 maggio 2000, n. 241: "Attuazione della direttiva 96/29/EURATOM in materia di protezione sanitaria della popolazione e dei lavoratori contro i rischi derivanti dalle radiazioni ionizzanti", Supplemento Ordinario alla Gazzetta Ufficiale n. 203 del 31 agosto 2000. Retrieved from http://www.parlamento.it/parlam/leggi/deleghe/00241dl.htm.
DIRETTIVA 2013/59/EURATOM: “Norme fondamentali di sicurezza relative alla protezione contro i pericoli derivanti dall’esposizione alle radiazioni ionizzanti, Retrieved from http://eurlex.europa.eu/legalcontent/IT/TXT/?uri=uriserv%3AOJ.L_.2014.013.01.0001.01.ITA.
Dubois, G. EC, Office for Official Publications of the European Communities (2005). An overview of radon surveys in Europe, p. 168, Report EUR 21892. Retrieved from https://rem.jrc.ec.europa.eu/remweb/publications/EUR_RADON.pdf
EPA (2003). EPA assessment of risks from radon in homes. Office of Radiation and Indoor Air, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460. Retrieved from https://www.epa.gov/radiation/epa-assessment-risks-radon-homes
Gerundo, R., & Fasolino, I. (2010). Sicurezza territoriale ed efficienza urbanistica, Napoli, IT: Edizioni scientifiche italiane.
Gue, L. (2015). Revisiting Canada’s Radon Guidelines. Vancouver, CA: David Suzuki Foundation.
Guida, D., Guida, M., Cuomo, A., Guadagnuolo, D., & Siervo, V. (2008): La valutazione delle «Radon-prone Areas» in Regione Campania. Applicazioni di un approccio gerarchico multiscalare per la pianificazione ambientale, Journal of technical and environmental geology, 2, 39-62.
Moroni, M. (2001). Il radon nella pianificazione territoriale. Atti della Seconda conferenza nazionale su Informatica e Pianificazione Urbana e Territoriale INPUT 2001: Democrazia e Tecnologie. Isole Tremiti, IT, 27-29 Giugno, 2001.
Nero, A.N. (1989). Earth, Air, Radon and Home. Physics Today, 42(2), 32-39.
Nero, A.N., Nazaroff, W.W. (1984). Characterising the source of Radon indoors. Radiation Protection Dosimetry, 7, 23-39.
Regione Toscana (2012): Indagine regionale sul gas radon negli ambienti di vita e di lavoro. Individuazione delle aree ad elevata probabilità di alte concentrazioni di radon ai sensi dell’art. 10 sexies del D.Lgs. n. 230/95 e s.m.i. - Diffusione dei dati statistici per comune riassuntivi delle misurazioni effettuate (Delibera di Giunta Regionale n°1019 del 26 novembre 2012). Retrieved from http://www.regione.toscana.it/
Sgobbo, A., & Moccia, F.D. (2016). Synergetic Temporary Use for the Enhancement of Historic Centers: The Pilot Project for the Naples Waterfront. TECHNE Journal of Technology for Architecture and Environment, 12, 253-260. doi:10.13128/Techne-19360
Sgobbo, A. (2016). Recycling, waste management and urban vegetable gardens. WIT Transactions on Ecology and The Environment, 202, 61-72. doi:10.2495/WM160071
Spencer, J.E. (1986). Radon gas: a geologic hazard, Fieldnotes, Arizona Bureau of Geology and Mineral Technology, 16(4), 1-6.
UNDRO (1979). Natural Disasters and Vulnerability Analysis. Report of Expert Group Meeting. Geneva, CH, July 9-12, 1979.
United Nations (2000). Sources, effects and risk of ionizing radiation. United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation. UNSCEAR 2000 Report to the General Assembly, with Scientific Annexes. Vol. 1, New York.
WHO (2009). WHO Handbook on Indoor Radon: a public health perspective. Zeeb H. & Shannoun, France.
WHO-IARC (1988). IARC monograph on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans: main-made mineral fibres and radon. IARC monograph Vol. 43, Lyon, FR
Zannoni, G., Bellezza, M., Bigliotto, C., & Prearo, I. (2006). Gas radon: tecniche di mitigazione. Indagine sperimentale sulla correlazione fra attacco a terra e tecniche di mitigazione. Monfalcone, IT: Edicom Edizioni.