The algal diversity in the Phlegrean Fields (Campania, Italy) archeological districts: an overview
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Abstract
The coexistence of several ecological conditions (hot springs, streams, mud, rock walls), characterized by different pH, temperature values, water potential and mineralogical makes the Phlegrean Fields as an ideal area for the analysis of the microalgal assemblages and their relationships with the different microhabitats occurring in the sites. Here we report an overview of the algal diversity within the archaeological and geothermal areas of Phlegrean Fields and the adaptability for most of them to acidic and thermal conditions in the volcanic soils.
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CennamoP., & CinigliaC. (2017). The algal diversity in the Phlegrean Fields (Campania, Italy) archeological districts: an overview. UPLanD - Journal of Urban Planning, Landscape & Environmental Design, 2(2), 97-106. https://doi.org/10.6093/2531-9906/5260
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References
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Albertano, P., Pinto, G., Pollio, A., & Taddei, R. (1990). Morphology, Ultrastructure and ecology of an acidophilic alga Pseudococcomyxa Simplex (Mainx) Fott (Chlorococcales). Archiv Fur Hydrobiolie, Algolical Stududies, 37, 401- 408.
Albertano, P., Pollio, A., & Pinto, G. (1994). Ecophysiology and Ultrastructure of an Acidophilic Species of Ochromonas (Chrysophyceae, Ochromonadales). Archiv fü Protistenkunde , 144, 75–82.
Allard, P., Maiorani, A., Tedesco, D., Cortecci, G., & Turi, B. (1991). Isotopic study of the origin of sulfur and carbon in Solfatara fumaroles, Campi Flegrei caldera. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 48, 139-159.
Bell, R. A. (1993). Cryptoendolithic algae of hot semiarid land and deserts. Journal of Phycology, 29, 133–139.
Bolognesi, L., Noto, P., & Nuti, S. (1986). Studio chimico della Solfatara di Pozzuoli: ipotesi sulle origini e sulle temperature profonde dei fluidi. Rendiconti della Societa Italiana di Mineralogia e Petrologia, 42, 281-295.
Brock, T.D. (1978). The genus Cyanidium. In: P.M. Starr (Ed), Thermophilic microorganisms and life at high temperatures. (pp. 255- 301) New York, USA: Springer-Verlag
Cennamo, P., & De Luca, P. (2004). Phragmonema sordidum Zopf var. desanctisianum Cennamo et De Luca (Phragmonemataceae, Porphydiales), a new red algal variety from tuff cisterns. Delpinoa, 46,17-22.
Cennamo, P. (2005). Caratterizzazione morfologica e molecolare degli organismi algali presenti all'interno del Parco Archeologico di Paestum. Informatore Botanico Italiano, 37.
Cennamo, P., Marzano, C., Giorgio, A., Caputo, P., & Moretti, A. (2009). Bioincrustations in the church of saint Maria of Piedigrotta (Pizzo Calabro, Italy). Science and technology for the Safeguard Cultural Heritage in the Meditterranean Basin:Session C1 -Genetics, Etno Antrhropological Heritage, I, 304-308.
Cennamo, P., Marzano, C., Ciniglia, C., Pinto, G., Cappelletti, P., Caputo, P., & Pollio, A. (2012). A survey of the algal flora of anthropogenic caves of Campi Flegrei (Naples, Italy) archeological district. Journal Of Caves And Karst Studies,74(3),243-250. doi: 10.4311/ 2011JCKS0194
Cennamo, P., Caputo, P., Giorgio, A., Moretti, A., & Pasquino, N. (2013). Biofilms on Tuff Stones at Historical Sites: Identification and Removal by Nonthermal Effects of Radiofrequencies. Microbial Ecology, 66 (3), 659-668.doi:10.1007/s00248-013-0247-7
Chiodini, G., Cioni, R., Magro, G., Marini, L., Panichi., C. Raco, B., Russo, M., & Taddeucci, G. (1996). Chemical and isotopic variation of Bocca Grande Fumarole (Solfatara Volcano, Phlegraena Fields). Acta Vulcanologica, 8, 129-138.
Ciniglia, C., Yoon, H.S., Pollio, A., Pinto, G., & Bhattacharya, D. (2004). Hidden biodiversity of the extremophilic
Cyanidiales red algae. Molecular Ecology, 13, 18-27.doi:10.1111/j.1365-294X.2004.02180.x
Ciniglia, C., Valentino, G. M., Cennamo, P., De Stefano, M., Stanzione, D., Pinto, G., & Pollio, A. (2005). Influences of geochemical and mineralogical constraints on algal distribution in acidic hydrothermal environments: Pisciarelli (Naples, Italy) as a model site. Archiv für Hydrobiologie, 162,121-142. doi: 10.1127/0003-9136/2005/0162-0121
Ciniglia, C., Cennamo, P., De Stefano, M., Pinto, G., Caputo, P., & Pollio, A. (2007). Pinnularia species (Bacillariophyceae, Bacillariophyta) from acidic environments: morphological, ultrastructural and phylogenetic characterization. Fundamental And Applied Limnology, 170, 29-47.doi:10.1127/1863-9135/2007/0170-0029
Ciniglia, C., Cennamo, P., Pollio, P., & Pinto, G. (2009). Phylogenetic relationships and taxonomic position of Dunaliella acidophila isolates from acidic and thermal enviroments. Phycologia, 48, 21-22.
Cioni, R., Corazza, E., & Marini, L. (1984). Gas steam ratio as indicator of heat transfer at Solfatara fumaroles, Phlegraean Fields (Italy). Bulletin of Volcanology, 47 (2), 295-302.
Dall'Aglio, M., Martini, M., & Tonani, F. (1972). Rilevamento geochimico delle emanazioni vulcaniche dei Campi Flegrei. Quaderni De "La Ricerca Scientifica" CNR, 83, 152-181.
De Nicola, D. M. (2000). A review of diatoms found in highly acidic environments. Hydrobiologia,433, 111-122.
Di Girolamo, P., Ghiara M.R., Lirer, L., Munno, R., Rolandi G., & Stanzione D. (1984). Vulcanologia e petrografia dei Campi Flegrei. Bulletin, Geological Society of Italy, 103, 349-413.
Ettl, H. (1978). Die Gattung Chlamydomonas Ehrenberg ( Chlamydomonas und die nächsterwandten Gattungen II). Beih Nova Hedwigia 60,1-1122.
Ettl, H. (1988). Unterschiedliche Teilungsverläufe bei den Phytomonaden (Chlorophyta). Archiv Protistenkd 135, 81-101.
Gromov, B. V., Vepritskiy, A.A., Titova, N.N., Mamkayeva, K.A., & Alexandrova, O.V. (1991). Production of the antibiotic cyanobacterin LU-1 by Nostoc linckia Calv 892 (Cyanobacterium). Journal of Applied Phycology, 3, 55–59.
Gross, W., Kuver, J., Tischendorf, G., Bouchaala, N., & Busch, W. (1998). Cryptoendolithic growth of the red alga Galdieria sulphuraria in volcanic areas. European Journal of Phycology, 33, 25-31.
Gross, W. (1999). Revision of comparative traits for the acido- and thermophilic red algae Cyanidium and Galdieria. In J. Seckbach (Ed.), Enigmatic Microorganisms and life in Extreme Environments (pp. 439-445). London, UK: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
Hoffmann, L. (2002). Caves and other low-light environments: aerophitic photoautotrophic microorganisms. In: G. Bitton (Ed), Encyclopedia of environmental microbiology (pp. 835-843). New York: John Wiley & Sons.
Huss, V.A., Ciniglia, C., Cennamo P., Cozzolino, S., Pinto, G., & Pollio, A. (2002). Phylogenetic relationships and taxonomic position of Chlorella-like isolates from low pH environments (pH < 3.0). BMC Evolutionary Biology, 26, 1-13.
Insinga, D., Calvert, A., D’Argenio, B., Fedele, L., Lanphere, M., Morra, V., Perrotta, A., Sacchi, M., & Scarpati, C. (2004). 40Ar/39Ar dating of the Neapolitan Yellow Tuff eruption (Campi Flegrei, southern Italy): volcanological and chronostratigraphic implications. European Geophysical Union 1st General Assembly, Nice.
Kvist, L., Broggi, J., Illera, J.C., & Koivula, K. (2005). Colonisation and diversification of the blue tits (Parus caeruleus teneriffae-group) in the Canary Islands. Molecular and Phylogenetic Evolution, 34, 501–511.doi: 10.1016/j.ympev.2004.11.017
Mangoni, F., & Sgobbo, A. (2013). Pianificare per lo sviluppo. Un nuovo insediamento ai margini della metropoli. Napoli, IT: Edizioni Scientifiche Italiane.
Martini, M., Giannini, L., Buccianti, A., Prati, F., Cellini Legittimo, P., Iozzelli, P., & Capaccioni, B. (1991). Ten years of geochemical investigation at Phlegraean Fields (Italy). Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 48, 161-171.
Pinto, G., & Taddei, R. (1977). Le alghe delle acque e dei suoli acidi italiani. Delpinoa 18-19, 77-106.
Pinto, G., Pollio, A., & Taddei, R. (1992) - List of algae from low pH environments cultivated at the University “Federico II” at Naples (Italy). Bollettino della Società Adriatica di Scienze, LXXII (1), 5-24.
Pinto,G., Albertano, P., Ciniglia, C., Cozzolino, S., Pollio, A., Yoon, H.S., & Battacharya, D. (2003). Comparative approaches to the taxonomy of the genus Galdieria merolae. Cryptogamie Algologie,24(1),13-32.
Pinto, G., Ciniglia, C., Cascone, C., & Pollio, A. (2006). Species composition of Cyanidiales assemblages in Pisciarelli (Campi Flegrei, Italy), and description of Galdieria phlegrea sp. In J. Seckbach (Ed), Algae and Cyanobacteria In Extreme Environments (pp 487-502). New York, USA: Springer-Verlag
Pollio, A., Cennamo, P., Ciniglia, C., De Stefano, M., Pinto, G., & Huss, V. A. R (2005). Chlamydomonas pitschmannii Ettl, a Little Known Species from Thermoacidic Environments. Protist, 156, 210-237.
Sanders & Porter, (1988). Phagotrophic phytoflagellates. Advances in Microbial Ecology, 10, 167-l 92.
Scarpati, C., Cole, P., & Perrotta, A.( 1993). The Neapolitan Yellow Tuff—A large volume multiphase eruption from Campi Flegrei, Southern Italy. Bulletin of Volcanology, 5 5, 343–356.
Sgobbo, A., & Moccia, F. D. (2016). Synergetic Temporary Use for the Enhancement of Historic Centers: The Pilot Project for the Naples Waterfront. TECHNE Journal of Technology for Architecture and Environment, 12, 253-260. doi:10.13128/Techne-19360
Sgobbo, A. (2016). Recycling, waste management and urban vegetable gardens. WIT Transactions on Ecology and The Environment, 202, 61-72. doi:10.2495/WM160071
Tedesco, D., Allard, P., Sano, Y., Wakita, H., & Pece, R. (1990). Helium-3 in subaerial and submarine fumaroles of Campi Flegrei caldera, Italy. Geochimica and Cosmochimica Acta 54, 1105-1116.
Walker, J.J. & Pace, N.R. (2007). Endolithic microbial ecosystems, Annual review of Microbiology, 61, 331-347.
Albertano, P., Pinto, G., Pollio, A., & Taddei, R. (1990). Morphology, Ultrastructure and ecology of an acidophilic alga Pseudococcomyxa Simplex (Mainx) Fott (Chlorococcales). Archiv Fur Hydrobiolie, Algolical Stududies, 37, 401- 408.
Albertano, P., Pollio, A., & Pinto, G. (1994). Ecophysiology and Ultrastructure of an Acidophilic Species of Ochromonas (Chrysophyceae, Ochromonadales). Archiv fü Protistenkunde , 144, 75–82.
Allard, P., Maiorani, A., Tedesco, D., Cortecci, G., & Turi, B. (1991). Isotopic study of the origin of sulfur and carbon in Solfatara fumaroles, Campi Flegrei caldera. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 48, 139-159.
Bell, R. A. (1993). Cryptoendolithic algae of hot semiarid land and deserts. Journal of Phycology, 29, 133–139.
Bolognesi, L., Noto, P., & Nuti, S. (1986). Studio chimico della Solfatara di Pozzuoli: ipotesi sulle origini e sulle temperature profonde dei fluidi. Rendiconti della Societa Italiana di Mineralogia e Petrologia, 42, 281-295.
Brock, T.D. (1978). The genus Cyanidium. In: P.M. Starr (Ed), Thermophilic microorganisms and life at high temperatures. (pp. 255- 301) New York, USA: Springer-Verlag
Cennamo, P., & De Luca, P. (2004). Phragmonema sordidum Zopf var. desanctisianum Cennamo et De Luca (Phragmonemataceae, Porphydiales), a new red algal variety from tuff cisterns. Delpinoa, 46,17-22.
Cennamo, P. (2005). Caratterizzazione morfologica e molecolare degli organismi algali presenti all'interno del Parco Archeologico di Paestum. Informatore Botanico Italiano, 37.
Cennamo, P., Marzano, C., Giorgio, A., Caputo, P., & Moretti, A. (2009). Bioincrustations in the church of saint Maria of Piedigrotta (Pizzo Calabro, Italy). Science and technology for the Safeguard Cultural Heritage in the Meditterranean Basin:Session C1 -Genetics, Etno Antrhropological Heritage, I, 304-308.
Cennamo, P., Marzano, C., Ciniglia, C., Pinto, G., Cappelletti, P., Caputo, P., & Pollio, A. (2012). A survey of the algal flora of anthropogenic caves of Campi Flegrei (Naples, Italy) archeological district. Journal Of Caves And Karst Studies,74(3),243-250. doi: 10.4311/ 2011JCKS0194
Cennamo, P., Caputo, P., Giorgio, A., Moretti, A., & Pasquino, N. (2013). Biofilms on Tuff Stones at Historical Sites: Identification and Removal by Nonthermal Effects of Radiofrequencies. Microbial Ecology, 66 (3), 659-668.doi:10.1007/s00248-013-0247-7
Chiodini, G., Cioni, R., Magro, G., Marini, L., Panichi., C. Raco, B., Russo, M., & Taddeucci, G. (1996). Chemical and isotopic variation of Bocca Grande Fumarole (Solfatara Volcano, Phlegraena Fields). Acta Vulcanologica, 8, 129-138.
Ciniglia, C., Yoon, H.S., Pollio, A., Pinto, G., & Bhattacharya, D. (2004). Hidden biodiversity of the extremophilic
Cyanidiales red algae. Molecular Ecology, 13, 18-27.doi:10.1111/j.1365-294X.2004.02180.x
Ciniglia, C., Valentino, G. M., Cennamo, P., De Stefano, M., Stanzione, D., Pinto, G., & Pollio, A. (2005). Influences of geochemical and mineralogical constraints on algal distribution in acidic hydrothermal environments: Pisciarelli (Naples, Italy) as a model site. Archiv für Hydrobiologie, 162,121-142. doi: 10.1127/0003-9136/2005/0162-0121
Ciniglia, C., Cennamo, P., De Stefano, M., Pinto, G., Caputo, P., & Pollio, A. (2007). Pinnularia species (Bacillariophyceae, Bacillariophyta) from acidic environments: morphological, ultrastructural and phylogenetic characterization. Fundamental And Applied Limnology, 170, 29-47.doi:10.1127/1863-9135/2007/0170-0029
Ciniglia, C., Cennamo, P., Pollio, P., & Pinto, G. (2009). Phylogenetic relationships and taxonomic position of Dunaliella acidophila isolates from acidic and thermal enviroments. Phycologia, 48, 21-22.
Cioni, R., Corazza, E., & Marini, L. (1984). Gas steam ratio as indicator of heat transfer at Solfatara fumaroles, Phlegraean Fields (Italy). Bulletin of Volcanology, 47 (2), 295-302.
Dall'Aglio, M., Martini, M., & Tonani, F. (1972). Rilevamento geochimico delle emanazioni vulcaniche dei Campi Flegrei. Quaderni De "La Ricerca Scientifica" CNR, 83, 152-181.
De Nicola, D. M. (2000). A review of diatoms found in highly acidic environments. Hydrobiologia,433, 111-122.
Di Girolamo, P., Ghiara M.R., Lirer, L., Munno, R., Rolandi G., & Stanzione D. (1984). Vulcanologia e petrografia dei Campi Flegrei. Bulletin, Geological Society of Italy, 103, 349-413.
Ettl, H. (1978). Die Gattung Chlamydomonas Ehrenberg ( Chlamydomonas und die nächsterwandten Gattungen II). Beih Nova Hedwigia 60,1-1122.
Ettl, H. (1988). Unterschiedliche Teilungsverläufe bei den Phytomonaden (Chlorophyta). Archiv Protistenkd 135, 81-101.
Gromov, B. V., Vepritskiy, A.A., Titova, N.N., Mamkayeva, K.A., & Alexandrova, O.V. (1991). Production of the antibiotic cyanobacterin LU-1 by Nostoc linckia Calv 892 (Cyanobacterium). Journal of Applied Phycology, 3, 55–59.
Gross, W., Kuver, J., Tischendorf, G., Bouchaala, N., & Busch, W. (1998). Cryptoendolithic growth of the red alga Galdieria sulphuraria in volcanic areas. European Journal of Phycology, 33, 25-31.
Gross, W. (1999). Revision of comparative traits for the acido- and thermophilic red algae Cyanidium and Galdieria. In J. Seckbach (Ed.), Enigmatic Microorganisms and life in Extreme Environments (pp. 439-445). London, UK: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
Hoffmann, L. (2002). Caves and other low-light environments: aerophitic photoautotrophic microorganisms. In: G. Bitton (Ed), Encyclopedia of environmental microbiology (pp. 835-843). New York: John Wiley & Sons.
Huss, V.A., Ciniglia, C., Cennamo P., Cozzolino, S., Pinto, G., & Pollio, A. (2002). Phylogenetic relationships and taxonomic position of Chlorella-like isolates from low pH environments (pH < 3.0). BMC Evolutionary Biology, 26, 1-13.
Insinga, D., Calvert, A., D’Argenio, B., Fedele, L., Lanphere, M., Morra, V., Perrotta, A., Sacchi, M., & Scarpati, C. (2004). 40Ar/39Ar dating of the Neapolitan Yellow Tuff eruption (Campi Flegrei, southern Italy): volcanological and chronostratigraphic implications. European Geophysical Union 1st General Assembly, Nice.
Kvist, L., Broggi, J., Illera, J.C., & Koivula, K. (2005). Colonisation and diversification of the blue tits (Parus caeruleus teneriffae-group) in the Canary Islands. Molecular and Phylogenetic Evolution, 34, 501–511.doi: 10.1016/j.ympev.2004.11.017
Mangoni, F., & Sgobbo, A. (2013). Pianificare per lo sviluppo. Un nuovo insediamento ai margini della metropoli. Napoli, IT: Edizioni Scientifiche Italiane.
Martini, M., Giannini, L., Buccianti, A., Prati, F., Cellini Legittimo, P., Iozzelli, P., & Capaccioni, B. (1991). Ten years of geochemical investigation at Phlegraean Fields (Italy). Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 48, 161-171.
Pinto, G., & Taddei, R. (1977). Le alghe delle acque e dei suoli acidi italiani. Delpinoa 18-19, 77-106.
Pinto, G., Pollio, A., & Taddei, R. (1992) - List of algae from low pH environments cultivated at the University “Federico II” at Naples (Italy). Bollettino della Società Adriatica di Scienze, LXXII (1), 5-24.
Pinto,G., Albertano, P., Ciniglia, C., Cozzolino, S., Pollio, A., Yoon, H.S., & Battacharya, D. (2003). Comparative approaches to the taxonomy of the genus Galdieria merolae. Cryptogamie Algologie,24(1),13-32.
Pinto, G., Ciniglia, C., Cascone, C., & Pollio, A. (2006). Species composition of Cyanidiales assemblages in Pisciarelli (Campi Flegrei, Italy), and description of Galdieria phlegrea sp. In J. Seckbach (Ed), Algae and Cyanobacteria In Extreme Environments (pp 487-502). New York, USA: Springer-Verlag
Pollio, A., Cennamo, P., Ciniglia, C., De Stefano, M., Pinto, G., & Huss, V. A. R (2005). Chlamydomonas pitschmannii Ettl, a Little Known Species from Thermoacidic Environments. Protist, 156, 210-237.
Sanders & Porter, (1988). Phagotrophic phytoflagellates. Advances in Microbial Ecology, 10, 167-l 92.
Scarpati, C., Cole, P., & Perrotta, A.( 1993). The Neapolitan Yellow Tuff—A large volume multiphase eruption from Campi Flegrei, Southern Italy. Bulletin of Volcanology, 5 5, 343–356.
Sgobbo, A., & Moccia, F. D. (2016). Synergetic Temporary Use for the Enhancement of Historic Centers: The Pilot Project for the Naples Waterfront. TECHNE Journal of Technology for Architecture and Environment, 12, 253-260. doi:10.13128/Techne-19360
Sgobbo, A. (2016). Recycling, waste management and urban vegetable gardens. WIT Transactions on Ecology and The Environment, 202, 61-72. doi:10.2495/WM160071
Tedesco, D., Allard, P., Sano, Y., Wakita, H., & Pece, R. (1990). Helium-3 in subaerial and submarine fumaroles of Campi Flegrei caldera, Italy. Geochimica and Cosmochimica Acta 54, 1105-1116.
Walker, J.J. & Pace, N.R. (2007). Endolithic microbial ecosystems, Annual review of Microbiology, 61, 331-347.