Widen the Scale of Urban Design to the Level of City Planning: Argument beyond a Case of Two Cities
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Published:
Jul 28, 2017
Keywords:
Design in Context, Unknown Cities, Small Cities, Cities of Hardship, Urban Design
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Abstract
The current paper traces two characteristics streak. The first is providing a mutating role for urban design as an academic discipline launched for a better life of the second streak. The latter is the world which has urban problems in different places. Some cities are suffering from the overcrowding and overloading population with various types of activities. Notwithstanding having such variety, some cities could have a feature of hardship in the way of citizen’s living. The cities of hardship are in the known and unknown places. Despite the fact that urban design has repeated presence in schools of Architecture and professional practice, it is still an enigmatic term, used separately by different groups in different situations to provide a world's better life. Besides the increasing attention to the subject and the rising number of academics and their praxis that are engaged in urban design have caused a pressing need for a clearer scope of work as well as defining the limitation between the large and small scales projects it exposed. Can urban design (UD) extend to have the regional level in its agenda and work on design level? Can UD be a mongrel paradigm for different disciplines?
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ElshaterA. (2017). Widen the Scale of Urban Design to the Level of City Planning: Argument beyond a Case of Two Cities. UPLanD - Journal of Urban Planning, Landscape & Environmental Design, 2(2), 207-221. https://doi.org/10.6093/2531-9906/5266
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References
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Cox, E., & Longlands, S. (2016). The Role of Small and Medium-Sized Towns. Institute for Public Policy Research. Manchester: IPPR North .
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Madanipour, A. (1996). Design of Urban Space: An Inquiry into a Socio-spatial Process. Chichester: John Wiley.
Madanipour, A. (2006, 9 4). Roles and Challenges of Urban Design. Journal of Urban Design, 173–193.
Madanipour, A. (2007). Ambiguities of Urban Design. In M. C. Tiesdell, Urban Design Reader. Oxford: Architectural Press.
Marshall, S. (2016, 2 16). The Kind of Art Urban Design Is. Journal of Urban Design.
Mendieta, E. (2001). Invisible Cities: A phenomenology of globalization from below. City: analysis of urban trends, culture, theory, policy, action, 5(1), 7-26.
METU- Middle East Technical University. (2016, October). Designing Urban Design Towards a Holistic Perspective. Retrieved from International Symposium on Urban Design: http://www.metudsymp2016.org/
Mittelstrass, J. (2001). On Transdisciplinarity. Science and the Future of Mankind, 495-500.
Moudon, A. V. (2002). Urban Design Education: Where is it and where can it go? Framing Papers delivered for The Conference Urban Design Urban Design: Practices, Pedagogies, Premises. Columbia University.
Moudon, A. V. (2015, 11 2). An Alternative Pedagogic Model for Doctoral Research in Urban Design. Journal of Urban Design, 1-12.
Mumford, L. (1922). The Story of Utopias. Gloucester, MA: Peter Smith.
Nicolescu, B. (1997). The Transdisciplinary Evolution of the University Condition for Sustainable Development. The International Congress "Universities' Responsibilities to Society", International Association of Universities, Chulalongkorn University. Bangkok.
Ophir, A. (1991). Plato’s Invisible Cities: Discourse and Power in the Republic. London: Routledge.
Pile, S. (2000). The Un(known) City . . . or, an Urban Geography of What Lies Buried below the Surface. In I. Borden, J. Kerr, J. Rendell, & A. Pivaro, The Unknown City: Contesting Architecture and Social Space. Massachusetts: MIT Press: Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Rendell, J. (2007). Art and Architecture: A Place Between. London: I. B. Tauris.
Roberts, B. H. (2014). Managing Systems of Secondary Cities: Policy Responses in International Development. Brussels: Cities Alliance: Cities without Slums.
Royal Town Planning Institute. (1991). The Education of Planners. London: RTPI.
Shane, D. G. (2005). Recombinant Urbanism: Conceptual Modelling in Architecture, Urban Design and City Theory. John Wiley & Sons.
Shane, D. G. (2011). Urban Design Since 1945: A Global Perspective. Wiley.
Sitte, C. (1889). City Planning According to Artistic Principles. (G. Collins, Trans.) Vienna: Phaidon Press.
Sternberg, E. (2000). An Integrative Theory of Urban Design. Journal of the American Planning Association, 66(3), 265-278.
Sternberg, E. (2007). An Integrative Theory of Urban Design. In M. Carmona, & S. Tiesdell, Urban Design Reader, Routledge, (pp. 33-42).
Tenant, A. (2004). Sex and the City. Community and Design, 41(3), 36-43.
Tibbalds, F. (1988). Mind the Gap. The Planner, 11-15.
Tress, G., Tress, B., & Fry, G. (2004). Clarifying Integrative Research Concepts in Landscape Ecology. Landscape Ecology, 20, 479–493.
Whyte, M. K. (Ed.). (2010). One Country, Two Societies: Rural-Urban Inequality in Contemporary China. Harvard Contemporary China Series.
Wiggins, J. (2015, 12 28). Secondary Cities: Neglected Drivers of Growing Economies [Infographic]. Retrieved January 1, 2017, from New Security Beat: The Blog of Environmental Changes and Security Program: https://www.newsecuritybeat.org/2015/12/systems-secondary-cities-neglected-drivers-urbanizing-economies-infographic/
Wirth, L. (1938, Jul.). Urbanism as a Way of Life. American Journal of Sociology, 44(1), 1-24
Ackerman, D. B. (1989). Intellectual and practical criteria for successful curriculum integration. In H. H. Jacobs, Interdisciplinary curriculum: Design and implementation (pp. 25–38). Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum.
Bell, D., & Jayne, M. (2007). Small Cities: Urban Experience Beyond the Metropolis (Questioning Cities). (D. Bell, & M. Jayne, Eds.) Routledge.
Blackwell, A. F., Wilson, L., Street, A., Boulton, C., & Knell, J. (2009). Radical Innovation: Crossing Knowledge Boundaries with Interdisciplinary Teams. Cambridge: The University of Cambridge Computer Laboratory Are Freely Available Via the Internet:.
Borden, I., Kerr, J., Rendell, J., & Pivaro, A. (2000). The Unknown City: Contesting Architecture and Social Space. Massachusetts: MIT Press.
Calvino, I. (1972). Invisible Cities. (G. Einaudi, Ed., & Wolff, Trans.) New York: Harcourt, Inc.
Carmona, M., Heath, T., Oc, T., & Tiesdell, S. (2010). Public Places Urban Spaces: The Dimensions of Urban Design. London: Architectural Press.
Cox, E., & Longlands, S. (2016). The Role of Small and Medium-Sized Towns. Institute for Public Policy Research. Manchester: IPPR North .
Dovey, K. (2016). Urban Design Thinking: A Conceptual Toolkit. London: Bloomsbury Academic.
Elshater, A., & Abusaad, H. G. (2016b). What is Urban Design? Teaching and Learning. Partridge Africa.
Elshater, A., & Abusaada, H. G. (2016a). The Unknown Cities: From Loss of Hope to Well-Being [and] Self-Satisfaction. Partridge: Penguin Readers.
Ericson, B., & Lloyd-Jones, T. (2001). Design Problem. In M. Roberts, & G. Harlow, Appreciating Urban Design: The Design Process. Longman.
European Union. (2011). Cities of Tomorrow Challenges, Visions, Ways Forward. European Commission in Charge of Regional Policy, European Union. The European Union's Publication Office.
Finkenthal, M. (2001). Interdisciplinarity: Toward the definition of a meta-discipline? New York: Peter Lang.
Finkenthal, M. (2008). Complexity, Multi-disciplinarity, and Beyond. Peter Lang.
General Organization for Physical Planning. (2014). The National Urban Development Framework In the Arab Republic of Egypt. General Organization for Physical Planning. Ministry of Housing, Utilities & Urban Communities.
Gilderbloom, J. I. (2009). Invisible City: Poverty, Housing, and New Urbanism. University of Texas Press.
Gosling, D., & Maitland, B. (1985). Concepts of Urban Design. London: Academy.
Grosz, E. (2002). Architecture from the Outside: Essay on Virtual Real Space. Writing Architecture Series-A Project by The Anyone Corporation. Maddsachustes: MIT Press.
Hardoy, J. E., & Satterthwaite, D. (1991, July). Environmental problems of third world cities: A global issue ignored? Public Administration and Development, 341–361.
Hein, C. (2006, May). Port cities and urban waterfronts: How localized planning ignores water as a connector. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Water, 3.
Hirt, S., & Luescher, A. (2007). Collaboration Between Architects and Planners in an Urban Design Studio: Potential for Interdisciplinary Learning. Journal of Design Research, 422-443. Retrieved from http://scholarworks.bgsu.edu/architecture_pub/1/
Hudnut, J. (2007, November 26). The Invisible City. Journal of the American Institute of Planners, 10(4), 4-10.
Ibrahim, A. B., & Ibrahim, H. (2004). www.cpas-egypt.com. (Center of Planning and Architecture Studies ) Retrieved December 2014, from http://www.cpas-egypt.com/AR/articles&thesis_intro_ar.html
Jacobs, A., & Appleyard, D. (2000). Toward an Urban Design Manifesto. In R. T. LeGates, & F. Stout, The City Reader (2nd Edition ed., pp. 491-502). London: Routledge.
Kessler, D. B., & Dawson, P. (1999). Failure to Thrive and Pediatric Undernutrition: A Transdisciplinary Approach to Pediatric Undernutrition. Brookes Publishing Company.
Klein, J. T. (2008). Evaluation of Interdisciplinary and Transdisciplinary: Research A Literature Review. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 116-123.
Klein, J. T. (2010). A Taxonomy of Interdisciplinarity. In R. Frodeman, J. T. Klein, R. C. Pacheco, R. Frodeman, J. T. Klein, & R. C. Pacheco (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Interdisciplinary (pp. 15-29). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Knox, P. L., & Mayer, H. (2009). Small Town Sustainability: Economic, Social, and Environmental Innovation 1st Edition. Berlin: Birkhäuser Architecture.
Krieger, A., & Saunders, W. S. (2009). Urban Design. London: University of Minnesota Press; Minneapolis.
Lang, J. (2005). Urban Design: A Typology of Procedures and Products. Oxford: Elsevier; Architectural Press.
Lattuca, L. (2001). Creating Interdisciplinarity: Interdisciplinary Research and Teaching among College and University Faculty. Nashville: Vanderbilt University Press.
Madanipour, A. (1996). Design of Urban Space: An Inquiry into a Socio-spatial Process. Chichester: John Wiley.
Madanipour, A. (2006, 9 4). Roles and Challenges of Urban Design. Journal of Urban Design, 173–193.
Madanipour, A. (2007). Ambiguities of Urban Design. In M. C. Tiesdell, Urban Design Reader. Oxford: Architectural Press.
Marshall, S. (2016, 2 16). The Kind of Art Urban Design Is. Journal of Urban Design.
Mendieta, E. (2001). Invisible Cities: A phenomenology of globalization from below. City: analysis of urban trends, culture, theory, policy, action, 5(1), 7-26.
METU- Middle East Technical University. (2016, October). Designing Urban Design Towards a Holistic Perspective. Retrieved from International Symposium on Urban Design: http://www.metudsymp2016.org/
Mittelstrass, J. (2001). On Transdisciplinarity. Science and the Future of Mankind, 495-500.
Moudon, A. V. (2002). Urban Design Education: Where is it and where can it go? Framing Papers delivered for The Conference Urban Design Urban Design: Practices, Pedagogies, Premises. Columbia University.
Moudon, A. V. (2015, 11 2). An Alternative Pedagogic Model for Doctoral Research in Urban Design. Journal of Urban Design, 1-12.
Mumford, L. (1922). The Story of Utopias. Gloucester, MA: Peter Smith.
Nicolescu, B. (1997). The Transdisciplinary Evolution of the University Condition for Sustainable Development. The International Congress "Universities' Responsibilities to Society", International Association of Universities, Chulalongkorn University. Bangkok.
Ophir, A. (1991). Plato’s Invisible Cities: Discourse and Power in the Republic. London: Routledge.
Pile, S. (2000). The Un(known) City . . . or, an Urban Geography of What Lies Buried below the Surface. In I. Borden, J. Kerr, J. Rendell, & A. Pivaro, The Unknown City: Contesting Architecture and Social Space. Massachusetts: MIT Press: Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Rendell, J. (2007). Art and Architecture: A Place Between. London: I. B. Tauris.
Roberts, B. H. (2014). Managing Systems of Secondary Cities: Policy Responses in International Development. Brussels: Cities Alliance: Cities without Slums.
Royal Town Planning Institute. (1991). The Education of Planners. London: RTPI.
Shane, D. G. (2005). Recombinant Urbanism: Conceptual Modelling in Architecture, Urban Design and City Theory. John Wiley & Sons.
Shane, D. G. (2011). Urban Design Since 1945: A Global Perspective. Wiley.
Sitte, C. (1889). City Planning According to Artistic Principles. (G. Collins, Trans.) Vienna: Phaidon Press.
Sternberg, E. (2000). An Integrative Theory of Urban Design. Journal of the American Planning Association, 66(3), 265-278.
Sternberg, E. (2007). An Integrative Theory of Urban Design. In M. Carmona, & S. Tiesdell, Urban Design Reader, Routledge, (pp. 33-42).
Tenant, A. (2004). Sex and the City. Community and Design, 41(3), 36-43.
Tibbalds, F. (1988). Mind the Gap. The Planner, 11-15.
Tress, G., Tress, B., & Fry, G. (2004). Clarifying Integrative Research Concepts in Landscape Ecology. Landscape Ecology, 20, 479–493.
Whyte, M. K. (Ed.). (2010). One Country, Two Societies: Rural-Urban Inequality in Contemporary China. Harvard Contemporary China Series.
Wiggins, J. (2015, 12 28). Secondary Cities: Neglected Drivers of Growing Economies [Infographic]. Retrieved January 1, 2017, from New Security Beat: The Blog of Environmental Changes and Security Program: https://www.newsecuritybeat.org/2015/12/systems-secondary-cities-neglected-drivers-urbanizing-economies-infographic/
Wirth, L. (1938, Jul.). Urbanism as a Way of Life. American Journal of Sociology, 44(1), 1-24