The use of rainwater in Alicante (southeast Spain). A new urban approach to urban water management
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Published:
May 18, 2019
Keywords:
Rainwater, Non-conventional water resources, Urban water management, Best practices, Alicante
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Abstract
The Mediterranean Spanish coastal has witnessed since the 1960s a spectacular increase in residential construction and beach tourism. This process has led to an increase in water consumption and greater risk of flooding. This is related, on the one hand, to the increase in population and housing and, on the other, to the occupation of risk areas. The aim of this research is to show and examine the importance and potential that rainwater has in the hydro-social cycle in the city of Alicante for increasing water supply for certain uses (watering gardens, street cleaning, etc.) and mitigating flooding. Databases from the local water company (Aguas Municipalizadas de Alicante Empresa Mixta SA - AMAEM) have been analysed as part of this research. Interviews have also been carried out with the technical staff of the water company to collect data and qualitative information. The analysis highlights the interest in the city of Alicante for the adoption of green infrastructure to, on the one hand, reduce the risk of flooding and, on the other, increase the available water resources. Using rainwater would enable a reduction in the use of drinking water for certain municipal water uses, and reduce pollution and flood risk during storms.
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HernándezM., & MoroteA.-F. (2019). The use of rainwater in Alicante (southeast Spain). A new urban approach to urban water management. UPLanD - Journal of Urban Planning, Landscape & Environmental Design, 4(1), 53-66. https://doi.org/10.6093/2531-9906/6113
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Hernández, M., Saurí, D. & Moltó, E. (2016). Las aguas pluviales y de tormenta: del abandono de un recurso hídrico con finalidad agrícola a su implantación como recurso no convencional en ámbitos urbanos. In J.F. Vera, J. Olcina & M. Hernández (eds.), Paisaje, cultura territorial y vivencia de la Geografía. Libro Homenaje al profesor Alfredo Morales Gil (1.099-1.120). Alicante, ES: Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Alicante.
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Liuzzo, L., Notaro, V., & Freni, G. (2016). A reliability analysis of a rainfall harvesting system in southern Italy. Water, 8 (1), 18. doi: 10.3390/w8010018
March, H., & Saurí, D. (2016). When sustainable may not mean just: a critical interpretation of urban water consumption decline in Barcelona. Local Environment, 22 (5), 523-535. doi: 10.1080/13549839.2016.1233528
Mazza, L., Bennett, G., De Nocker, L., Gantioler, S., Losarcos, L., Margerison, C., Kaphengst, T., McConville, A., Rayment, M., ten Brink, P., Tucker, G., van Diggelen, R., (2011). Green Infrastructure Implementation and Efficiency. Brussels, BE: Institute for European Environmental Policy.
Mercoiret, L. & Howsam, P. (2007). Domestic rainwater harvesting: UK legislation. Journal of Water Law, 18 (6), 203-205.
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Morison, P.J., & Brown, R.R. (2011). Understanding the nature of publics and local policy commitment to Water Sensitive Urban Design, Landscape and Urban Planning, 99 (2), 83-92. doi: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2010.08.019.
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Morote, A.F. & Hernández, M. (2016). Urban sprawl and its effects on water demand: A case study of Alicante, Spain. Land Use Policy, 50, 352-362. doi: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2015.06.032
Morote, A.F., & Hernández, M. (2017). El uso de aguas pluviales en la ciudad de Alicante. De Viejas ideas a nuevos enfoques. Papeles de Geografía, 63, 7-25.
Morote, A.F., Hernández, M. & Rico, A.M. (2016). Causes of Domestic Water Consumption Trends in the City of Alicante: Exploring the Links between the Housing Bubble, the Types of Housing and the Socio-Economic Factors. Water, 8 (374), doi:10.3390/w8090374.
Morote. A.F., Hernández, M., Olcina, J., & Rico, A.M. (2018). Study of water consumption and Smart Meters of the city of Alicante. Base of the intelligent water supply in a Smart City (I-PI 27-17). Alicante, ES: Municipalized Waters of Alicante, Mixed Company (Unpublished).
Morote, A.F. Olcina, J. & Hernánez, M. (2019). The use of non-conventional water resources as a means of adaptation to drought and climate change in Semi-Arid Regions: South-Eastern Spain. Water, 11 (93). doi:10.3390/w11010093
Murillo, J.M., Rodríguez, L., Fernández, M. & Hernández, J.M. (2009). Alternativas de gestión en el Sistema de explotación Vinalopó-L’Alacantí. Alicante, SP: Instituto Geólógico y Minero de España y Diputación Provincial de Alicante.
Notaro, V., Fontanazza, C.M., Freni, G., & Puleo, V. (2013). Impact of rainfall data resolution in time and space on the urban flooding evaluation. Water Science and Technology, 68 (9), 1984-1993. doi: 10.2166/wst.2013.435
Okhravi, S., Eslamian, S., & Adamowski, J. (2015). Water Reuse in Rainwater Harvesting. In S. Eslamian (ed.), Urban Water Reuse Handbook (pp. 779-796). Boca Raton, US: Taylor and Francis, CRC Group.
Padullés, J., Vila, J., & Barriocanal, C. (2014). Maintenance, Modifications, and Water Use in Private Gardens of Alt Empordà, Spain. HortTechnology, 24 (3), 374-383. doi: 10.21273/HORTTECH.24.3.374
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