Politics of nature in the later Middle Ages. Research perspectives
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Abstract
The political culture of thirteenth-century Italian cities was marked by a strong hostility towards innate dominant and privileged positions, as well as by the idea that political relationships did not have a natural foundation, but rather consensual. On the contrary, the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries saw significant development of unprecedented discourses, which considered ‘nature’ as the basis of belonging to given political communities or social bodies. The emergence of this new rhetoric was crucial for those who exerted political power; however, it could also be welcomed by subjects, sometimes willing to ‘naturalize’ the surrounding socio-political landscape, and their own condition, just like rulers did.
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