Smart City, Metropolitan Areas and Competitiveness: the Case Study of Florence

  • Carmela Gargiulo Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering (DICEA) - University Federico II of Naples
  • Maria Rosa Tremiterra Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering (DICEA) - University Federico II of Naples
Keywords: Smart City, Competitiveness, Metropolitan City of Florence, Innovation and Knowledge, Tourism and Cultural Heritage

Abstract

In several urban contexts, the definition of a new development process is arising and it is focused on the use and the application of new technologies in different areas of the urban system. Such new development process is aimed at increasing life quality and local communities wellness and at promoting the creation of a more efficient and more sustainable urban system, as well as at making it more competitive. The issue of the reorganization of metropolitan areas is combined with such process, following the recent approval of the Delrio Law that establishes the Metropolitan City in Italy, as government authority of the metropolitan areas. Smart City, Metropolitan Areas and Competitiveness are the three topics of this paper, which aim is the description of the most innovative politics and initiatives adopted in the Metropolitan City of Florence that is proposed as a case study where such topics are combined.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Carmela Gargiulo, Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering (DICEA) - University Federico II of Naples

Associate professor of Urban Planning Techniques at the University of Naples Federico II. Since 1987 she has been involved in studies on the management of urban and territorial transformations. Since 2004, she has been Member of the Researcher Doctorate in Hydraulic, Transport and Territorial Systems Engineering of the University of Naples “Federico II”. She is Member of the Committee of the Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Department of the University of Naples “Federico II”. Her research interests focus on the processes of urban requalification, on relationships between urban transformations and mobility, and on the estate exploitation produced by urban transformations. On these subjects she has co-ordinated research teams within National Project such as Progetto Finalizzato Edilizia – Sottoprogetto “Processi e procedure” (Targeted Project on Building – Subproject “Processes and procedures), from 1992 to 1994; Progetto Strategico Aree Metropolitane e Ambiente, (Strategic Project Metropolitan Areas and Environment) from 1994 to 1995; PRIN project on the “Impacts of mobility policies on urban transformability, environment and property market” from 2011 to 2013. Scientific Responsible of the Project Smart Energy Master for the energy management of territory financed by PON 04A2_00120 R&C Axis II, from 2012 to 2015. She is author of more than 90 publications.

Maria Rosa Tremiterra, Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering (DICEA) - University Federico II of Naples

Engineer, 2nd (level) University Master degree in Municipal Planning at University of Naples Federico II. She received a master’s degree in Architecture and Building Engineering with a thesis on sustainable mobility in the European cities. In 2014, she won a one-year grant for post-lauream education and research within the Project Smart Energy Master at the Department of Civil Engineering, Building and Environmental Engineering, University of Naples Federico II.

References

Abdoullaev, A. (2013). Building Smart Cities and Communities. Available at: http://eu-smartcities.eu/sites/all/files/blog/files/Building%20SMART%20CITIES%20EIP.pdf.

Alawadhi, S., Aldama-Nalda, A., Chourabi, H., Gil-Garcia, J.R., Leung, S.,Mellouli, S., Nam, T., Pardo, T.A., Scholl, H.J., & Walker, S. (2012). Building Understanding of Smart City Initiatives. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 7443, 40–53. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-33489-4_4.

Alberti, F.G., & Giusti, J.D. (2012). Cultural heritage, tourism and regional competitiveness: The Motor Valley cluster. City, Culture and Society, 3 (4), 261-273. DOI: 10.1016/j.ccs.2012.11.003.

Albino, V., & Dangelico, R.M. (2015). Smart Cities: Definitions, Dimensions, Performance, and Initiatives. Journal of Urban Technology, 22(1), 3-21. DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2014.942092.

Angelidou, M. (2014). Smart city policies: A spatial approach. Cities, 41 (S), S3-S11. DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2014.06.007.

Barrionuevo, J.M., Berrone, P., & Ricart, J.E. (2012). Smart Cities, Sustainable Progress. IESE Insight, 14, 50–57.

Batty, M., Axhausen, K. W., Giannotti, F., Pozdnoukhov A., Bazzani, A., Wachowicz, M., Ouzounis, G., & Portugali, Y. (2012). Smart Cities of the Future. European Physical Journal Special Topics, 214 (1), 481-518. DOI: 10.1140/epjst/e2012-01703-3.

Begg, I. (2002). Conclusions and policy implications. In: I. Begg (Ed.), Urban Competitiveness: Policies for Dynamic Cities, 311-327. Bristol, UK: Policy Press.

Benneworth, P., & Hospers, J. (2007). Urban competitiveness in the knowledge economy: Universities as new planning animateurs. Progress in Planning, 67 (2), 105-197. DOI: 10.1016/j.progress.2007.02.003.

Boix, R., Lazzeretti, L., Capone, F., De Propris, L., & Sánchez, D. (2012). The geography of creative industries in Europe. Comparing France, Great Britain, Italy and Spain. In L. Lazzeretti (Ed.), Creative industries and innovation in Europe: Concepts, measures and comparatives case studies. New York, USA: Routledge. ISBN: 978-0-415-67740-0.

Boltho, A. (1996). The Assessment: international competitiveness. Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 12(3), 1-16.

Bramanti, A. (1998). From Space to Territory: Relational Development and Territorial Competitiveness. The GREMI Approach within the Contemporary Debate. Proceedings of the conference “SMEs and districts: hybrid governance forms, knowledge creation & technology transfer”, November 5-7, Castellanza, Italy. Available at: http://www.ilsleda.org/usr_files/papers/from%20space%20to%20t974931.pdf.

Camagni, R. (2002). On the concept of territorial competitiveness: sound or misleading? Urba Studies, 39 (13), 2395–2411. DOI: 10.1080/0042098022000027022.

Centro Studi Turistici. (2013). L’impatto economico del turismo in provincia di Firenze. Firenze, IT: Camera di Commercio. Available at: http://www.fi.camcom.it/default.asp?idtema=1&page=informazioni&action=read&index=1&idtemacat=1&idinformazione=28134.

Caragliu, A., Del Bo C., & Nijkamp, P. (2009). Smart Cities in Europe. Journal of Urban Technology, 18 (2), 65-82. DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2011.601117.

CDK-UCLG. (2012). Smart Cities Study: International study on the situation of ICT, innovation and Knowledge in cities. Bilbao, ES: The Committee of Digital and Knowledge-Based Cities of UCLG. Available at: http://www.cities-localgovernments.org/committees/cdc/Upload/formations/smartcitiesstudy_en.pdf.

Cheshire, P.C., & Gordon, I.R. (Eds). (1995) Territorial Competition in an Integrated Europe. Aldershot, UK: Avebury.

Chourabi, H., Nam, T., Walker, S., Gil-Garcia, J. R., Mellouli, S., Nahon, K., Pardo, A. T., & Scholl, H. J. (2012). Understanding Smart Cities: An Integrative Framework. Proceedings of the 45th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, January 4-7, Maui, USA, 2289-2297. DOI: 10.1109/HICSS.2012.615.

Costantin, D.L. (2006). Recent advances in territorial competition and competitiveness analysis. Romanian Journal of European Affairs, 6 (3), 71-81. ISSN: 1582-8271.

D’Arcy, E., & Keogh, G. (1999). The Property Market and Urban Competitiveness: A Review. Urban Studies, 36 (5-6), 917-928. DOI: 10.1080/0042098993277.

De Luca, A. (2012). Come (ri)pensare la smart city. EyesReg Giornale di Scienze Regionali, 2(6). Available at: http://www.eyesreg.it/2012/come-ripensare-la-smart-city/.

Etzkowitz, H., & Leydesdorff, L. (2000). The Dynamics of Innovation: From National Systems and 'Mode 2' to a Triple Helix of University-Industry-Government Relations. Research Policy, 29 (2), 109-123. DOI: 10.1016/S0048-7333(99)00055-4.

European Parliament. (2014). Mapping Smart Cities in the EU. Directorate-General for Internal Policies. Brussels, BE: Policy Department Economic and Scientific Policy. Available at: http://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/etudes/join/2014/507480/IPOL-ITRE_ET(2014)507480_EN.pdf.

Fagerberg, J. (1996). Technology and competitiveness. Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 12(3), 39-51.

Filo, C. (2014). Indicators of territorial competitiveness. Proceedings of the International conference of Territorial Intelligence "Information, Indicators and Tools", May 29-31, Pecs, Hungary. Available at: https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00794668/document.

Fixari, D., Lefebvre, P. and Pallez, F. (2009). Competitiveness clusters and new approaches to public research: uncertainties in the development of the Triple Helix in France. Available at: http://cgs-mines-paristech.fr/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/LIEGE_final_anglaistriplehelice.pdf.

Giffinger, R. Fertner, C., Kramar, H., Kalasek, R., Pichler-Milanović, N., & Meijers, E. (2007). Smart Cities: Ranking of European Medium Sized Cities. Vienna, AT: Centre of Regional Science of Vienna. Available at: http://www.smart-cities.eu/download/smart_cities_final_report.pdf.

Hollands, R. G. (2008). Will the real smart city please stand up? City, 12 (3), 303–320. DOI: 10.1080/13604810802479126.

IRPET. (2011). Musei della Toscana. Rapporto 2011. Tuscany Region, Florence. Available at: http://www.regione.toscana.it/documents/10180/320308/Musei+della+Toscana,%20rapporto+2013/0c1b0d8c-8cfe-436b-ae1d-5a1deba162e8;jsessionid=13D39CF297F8BE03182C43D8306EE7C7.web-rt-as01-p2?version=1.0.

Ketels, C. (2011). Clusters and competitiveness: Porter’s contribution. In R. Huggins, & H. Izushi (Eds.), Competition, competitive advantage, and clusters: the idea of Michael Porter. Oxford, EN: Oxford University Press. ISBN: 9780199578030.

Komninos, N., Schaffers, H., & Pallot M. (2011). Developing a Policy road map for Smart Cities and the future internet. Proceedings of the eChallenges e-2011 Conference, October 26-28, Florence, Italy. ISBN: 978-1-905824-27-4.

Kourtit, K., & Nijkamp, P. (2012). Smart Cities in the Innovation Age. Innovation: The European Journal of Social Science Research, 25(2), 93–95. DOI: 10.1080/13511610.2012.660331.

Kresl, P. K., & Singh, B. (1999). Competitiveness and the urban economy: twenty-four large US metropolitan areas. Urban Studies, 36 (5-6), 1017-1027. DOI: 10.1080/0042098993330.

Lever, F. W., & Turok, I. (1999). Competitive Cities: Introduction to the review. Urban Studies, 36 (5-6), 791-793. DOI: 10.1080/0042098993213.

Leydesdorff, L., & Deakin, M. (2011). The Triple-Helix Model of Smart Cities: A Neo-Evolutionary Perspective. Journal of Urban Technology, 18 (2), 53-63. DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2011.601111.

Lombardi, P., Giordano, S., Farouh, H., & Wael, Y. (2011). An analytic network model for Smart cities. Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on the AHP, June 15 – 18, Sorrento (Naples), Italy, 1-6. Available at: http://www.bsuredecisions.com/pdf/63_0116_Giordano.pdf.

Lombardi, P., Giordano, S., Caragliu, A., Del Bo, C., Deakin, M., Nijkamp, P., & Kourtit, K. (2012). An Advanced Triple-Helix Network Model for Smart Cities Performance. In Ercoskun O.Y., Green and Ecological Technologies for Urban Planning: Creating Smart Cities. Ankara, TR: Gazi University. DOI: 10.4018/978-1-61350-453-6.ch004.

Malecki, E. (2000). Knowledge and regional competitiveness. Erdkunde, 54, 334-351. DOI: 10.3112/erdkunde.2000.04.04.

Monfaredzadeh. T. & Berardi, U. (2014). How can cities lead the way into a sustainable, competitive, and smart future? WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment, 191(9). DOI: 10.2495/SC140902.

Mosannenzadeh, F., & Vettorato, D. (2014). Defining Smart City: a conceptual framework based on keyword analysis. TeMA Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment, 7 (special issue INPUT 2014), 683-694. DOI: 10.6092/1970-9870/2523.

Murray, A., Minevich, M., & Abdoullaey, A. A. (2011). The future of the future: Being smart about smart cities. KMworld, 20(9). Available at: http://www.kmworld.com/Articles/Column/The-Future-of-the-Future/The-Future-of-the-Future-Being-smart-about-smart-cities-77848.aspx.

Nam, T., & Pardo, T.A. (2011). Conceptualizing Smart City with Dimensions of Technology, People, and Institutions. Proceedings of the 12th Conference on Digital Government Research, June 12–15, College Park, MD, USA.

Papa, R., Gargiulo, C., & Galderisi A. (2013). Towards and urban planners’perspective on smart city. TeMA Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment, 6 (1), 5–17. DOI: 10.6092/1970-9870/1536.

Papa, R., Gargiulo, C., Franco, S., Russo, L. (2014a). Urban smartness vs. urban competitiveness. A comparison of Italian Cities Rankings. TeMA Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment, 7 (special issue INPUT 2014), 771–782. DOI: 10.6092/1970-9870/2555.

Papa, R., Gargiulo, C., Franco, S., & Russo, L. (2014b). Measuring the effects of 2008-09 financial crisis on the competitiveness of Italian provinces. Sustainable recovery? Rebalancing, Growth, and the Space Economy. Proceedings of the Winter Conference of Regional Studies Association, November 27-28, London, UK, 193-199.

Paskaleva, K. (2014). The smart city: A nexus for open innovation? In M. Deakin (Ed.), Smart Cities. Governing, modelling and analysing the transition. New York, USA: Routledge. ISBN: 9780415658195.

Pereira Roders, A., & Von Oers, R. (2011). Editorial: Initiating cultural heritage research to increase Europe’s competitiveness. Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, 1(2), 84–95. DOI: 10.1108/20441261111171657.

Porter, M.E. (1996) Competitive advantage, agglomeration economies and regional policy. International Regional Science Review, 19(1-2), 85-90. DOI: 10.1177/016001769601900208.

Tuscany Region. (2011a). Development Regional Plan 2011-2015. Florence, IT: Tuscany Region. Available at: http://www.regione.toscana.it/documents/10180/71334/PRS%20Programma%20Regionale%20di%20Sviluppo%202011%202015/c956481a-01a4-47fd-8112-a912075c180f.

Tuscany Region. (2011b). Promozione e progettazione dei Distretti tecnologici. Documento operativo. Florence, IT: Tuscany Region. Available at: http://www.toscanaeconomia.it/UserFiles/File/Promozione%20e%20progettazione%20Distretti%20Tecnologici.pdf.

Wolfram, M. (2012). Deconstructing Smart Cities: An Intertextual Reading of Concepts and Practices for Integrated Urban and ICT Development. Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Urban Planning, Regional Development and Information Society, May 14-16, Schewechat, Austria, 171-181. ISBN: 978-3-9503110-3-7.

Schuuman, D., Baccarne, B., de Marez, L., & Mechant, P. (2012). Smart Ideas for Smart Cities: Investigating Crowdsourcing for Generating and Selecting Ideas for ICT Innovation in a City Context. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research, 7 (3), 49-62. DOI: 10.4067/S0718-18762012000300006.

Sinkiene, J., Grumadaite, K., & Liugailaite-Radzvickiene, L. (2014). Diversity of theoretical approaches to the concept of smart city. Proceedings of the 8th International Scientific Conference “Business and Management 2014”, May 15-16, Vilnius, Lithuania, 933-940. DOI: 10.3846/bm.2014.112.Berdini, P. (2008). La città in vendita. Roma: Donzelli.

Published
2015-07-27
How to Cite
GargiuloC., & TremiterraM. R. (2015). Smart City, Metropolitan Areas and Competitiveness: the Case Study of Florence. TeMA - Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment, 8(2), 203-218. https://doi.org/10.6092/1970-9870/3010
Section
LUME (Land Use, Mobility and Environment)