Climate variation in metropolitan cities

Ginevra Balletto; Martina Sinatra; Roberto Mura; Giuseppe Borruso

doi:10.6093/1970-9870/9265

Ginevra Balletto University of Cagliari https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0876-0605
Martina Sinatra University of Cagliari https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5989-7305
Roberto Mura IUAV University of Venice https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4022-4442
Giuseppe Borruso University of Trieste https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0933-5208

DOI: https://doi.org/10.6093/1970-9870/9265

Keywords: Climate variation, Metropolitan city, Labour Market Areas, LISA, Spatial Autocorrelation

Abstract

Climate has always been studied in cities, where strong relations can be found with urban form and spatial patterns. Temperature variations, heat islands and floods are among the main factors to represent climatic phenomena and related changes over time. The same urban location choices come out from the need to resist adverse events. In general, the urban form can be related to climatic conditions, both to benefit from positive externalities - healthiness, sun exposure, ventilation, water supply - and to reduce negative externalities - thermal stress, heavy rainfall and heat islands. Furthermore, urban development, particularly attributable to land take, put in evidence how the European, and particularly the Italian, urban system presents 56% of population settled in urban areas with a high value of sealed surfaces and limited green areas, so that urban centres are more and more characterizing as climate change hotspots. In this framework the hereby presented research is developed, focused on the observation of the temperature variations in urban areas in time, aimed at capturing the changes occurring also considering the spatial extent and form of the cities more vulnerable to such phenomenon. The research in particular was aimed at exploring possible different ways of aggregating areas to a proper urban dimension: in particular Metropolitan Cities (MC) and Labor Market Area (LMA) in order to identify the most suitable geographical dimension both for the observation of the phenomenon and for the policy targets of climate neutrality. This is done analysing the spatial autocorrelation of climate-related variations in space and time.

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Author Biographies

Ginevra Balletto, University of Cagliari

(Roma, IT - 1971) Associate Professor of Urban and Territorial Planning, DICAAR, University of Cagliari. Her actual interests are related to geospatial planning in the multiple transitions (energetic, ecological, and digital).

Martina Sinatra, University of Cagliari

(Cagliari, IT - 1995) is an environmental engineer who works in the renewable energies and environmental impact assessment fields.

Roberto Mura, IUAV University of Venice

(Oristano, IT - 1989) is an environmental engineer who has a research scholarship at the Department of Culture of the Project "Ca’ Tron" at University IUAV of Venice.

Giuseppe Borruso, University of Trieste

(Trieste, IT - 1972) is an Associate Professor of Economic and Political Geography at the DEAMS - Department of Economics, Business, Mathematics and Statistics "Bruno De Finetti, University of Trieste. His actual research interests are related to economic geography, with particular reference to urban geography, transport and population.

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